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Canadian Human Rights Commission free speech controversy : ウィキペディア英語版 | Canadian Human Rights Commission free speech controversy
The Canadian Human Rights Commission free speech controversy refers to debates that arose in relation to the interpretation and application of a now-repealed section of the Canadian Human Rights Act〔''Canadian Human Rights Act'', R.S.C., 1985, c. H-6, s. 13(1).〕 by the Canadian Human Rights Commission. Section 13(1) of the ''Canadian Human Rights Act'' was repealed in 2013; a number of the most-high-profile actions taken under authority of the section occurred in the period just prior to its repeal, and were responsible for the backlash that led to its repeal. ==Legislative History of Section 13(1), 1977-2013== The ''Canadian Human Rights Act'' was enacted in 1977.〔''Canadian Human Rights Act'', S.C. 1976-77, c. 33, s. 13(1).〕 Parliament twice expanded s. 13(1). In 1998, a penalty was added for breaches of s. 13(1).〔(''Canadian Human Rights Act'', s. 54(1)(c) ), as enacted by S.C. 1998, c. 9, s. 28.〕 In 2001, s. 13(1) was expanded to apply to telecommunications over the internet,〔(''Anti-terrorism Act'', S.C. 2001, c. 41, s. 88. )〕 These expansions of the section raised questions as to whether s. 13(1), which had been found by the Supreme Court, in a 1990 ruling, to be constitutional, was now restricting freedom of speech in ways that might be unconstitutional. In June 2012, the House of Commons voted to repeal Section 13(1) of the ''Canadian Human Rights Act''.〔(NP - "Jonathan Kay: Good riddance to Section 13 of the Canadian Human Rights Act" 7 Jun 2012 )〕 On June 26, 2013, Section 13(1) was finally repealed after a vote in the Senate.〔(NP: "Hate speech no longer part of Canada’s Human Rights Act" 27 Jun 2013 )〕
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